| 1. |
- Oswald, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Homeward bound: Introducing a four-domain model of perceived housing in very old age
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-9610 .- 0272-4944. ; 26:3, s. 187-201, s. 168-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to introduce an integrative and more comprehensive approach to understanding and measuring perceived housing in old age. First, four conceptual domains of subjective housing were introduced, based on the assumption that each of the domains brings a unique perspective to the understanding of perceived housing: housing satisfaction, usability in the home, meaning of home and housing-related control beliefs. Second, relationships between the proposed domains were empirically examined using correlative analysis, factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques. Cross-cultural similarities and differences in the observed empirical relations were then analysed across three Western European countries. Data were drawn from a sub-sample of the participants in the European ENABLE-AGE Project amounting to 1223 old adults aged 80-89 years and living alone in their private homes in Swedish, British, and German urban regions. The ENABLE-AGE data set has the advantage of containing measures related to all four domains of perceived housing which are the focus of this paper. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis as well as of the SEM give empirical support for the usefulness of the theoretically proposed four component model of perceived housing. Furthermore, multi-group analysis supports the assumption of similarity of perceived housing among older people living in the different countries. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a screening tool for housing accessibility problems: a reduced version of the Housing Enabler.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Gerontology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-4523 .- 0733-4648. ; 28:1, s. 59-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To present a reduced version of the Housing Enabler, useful as a screening tool in practice contexts and in research, this study identifies the core items of the environmental component of the instrument, that is, the items most important in terms of the instrument's overall validity to measure accessibility problems. Utilizing cross-national data and interdisciplinary knowledge through an iterative process, a set of core items was identified. The environmental component of the reduced version comprises 61 items, compared to 188 in the original instrument. The rank correlation between the accessibility scores generated by the original and reduced versions was r ≥ .97 (p < .001). Based on comprehensive empirical research in three countries, the reduced version of the Housing Enabler is a time-efficient and valid screening instrument. It is a powerful tool for research and interventions focusing on housing accessibility problem identification.
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| 3. |
- Nygren, Carita, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships between objective and perceived housing in very old age
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Gerontologist. - 1758-5341. ; 47:1, s. 85-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Our purpose in this study was to explore relationships between aspects of objective and perceived housing in five European samples of very old adults, as well as to investigate whether cross-national comparable patterns exist. Design and Methods: We utilized data from the first wave of the ENABLE-AGE Survey Study. The five national samples totalled 1,918 individuals aged 75 to 89 years. Objective assessments of the home environment covered the number of environmental barriers as well as the magnitude of accessibility problems (an aspect of person-environment fit). To assess perceptions of housing, we used instruments on usability, meaning of home, and housing satisfaction. We also assessed housing-related control. Results: Overall, the results revealed that the magnitude of accessibility problems, rather than the number of physical environmental barriers, was associated with perceptions of activity-oriented aspects of housing. That is, very old people living in more accessible housing perceived their homes as more useful and meaningful in relation to their routines and everyday activities, and they were less dependent on external control in relation to their housing. The patterns of such relationships were similar in the five national samples. Implications: Objective and perceived aspects of housing have to be considered in order to understand the dynamics of aging in place, and the results can be used in practice contexts that target housing for senior citizens.
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| 4. |
- Oswald, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Housing-related control beliefs and independence in activities of daily living in very old age
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 14:1, s. 33-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Control beliefs, i.e. a person's perceived control over his or her own behaviour, are important predictors of psychological functioning in old age. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of housing-related control beliefs on the relationship between housing accessibility and independence in activities of daily living (ADL). Moreover, cross-national differences in five European countries were analysed, based on data from the ENABLE-AGE Project. Data were collected at home visits with 1 918 very old people aged 75-89 years, living alone at home in Swedish, German, British, Hungarian, and Latvian urban areas. Assessments were based on standardized instruments with good psychometric properties. Correlations showed small to medium relationships between accessibility, housing-related control beliefs, and ADL independence. Further, multi-group structural equation modelling revealed that not only housing accessibility but housing-related control beliefs explain unique portions of variation in the independent performance of daily activities. In particular, participants with lower external control beliefs performed more independently in ADL. Though some differences among countries were observed, cross-national similarity in correlative patterns existed regarding control beliefs and independence in ADL. Introducing the concept of housing-related control beliefs into occupational therapy, comprehensively and cross-nationally, has the potential to increase our professional understanding of older people's housing situation.
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| 5. |
- Oswald, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships between housing and healthy aging in very old age
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Gerontologist. - 1758-5341. ; 47:1, s. 96-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this work is to examine the relationship between aspects of objective and perceived housing and aspects of healthy aging, defined as independence in daily activities and subjective wellbeing. Furthermore, this research examined the comparability of relationships between housing and healthy aging in the five European countries. Design and Methods: Data were drawn from the ENABLE-AGE Project, from home interviews with a sample of 1,918 very old people aged 75. to 89 years living alone in their own homes in Swedish, German, British, Hungarian and Latvian urban areas. Results: Participants living in better accessible homes, who perceive their home as meaningful and useful, and who think that external influences are not responsible for their housing situation are more independent in daily activities and have a better sense of well-being. Moreover, these results apply to all five national samples. Implications: The findings can widen the perspective when striving for barrier-free building standards, to encompass a holistic approach that takes both objective and perceived aspects of housing into account. Home modification and relocation should not be prescribed, but need to be negotiated with older adults to take into account their personal preferences.
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| 6. |
- Slaug, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Defining Profiles of Functional Limitations in Groups of Older Persons: How and Why?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-6887 .- 0898-2643. ; 23:3, s. 578-604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Addressing the complexity of multiple health problems in the older population, the objective was to identify combinations of functional limitations for use in simulation analysis, to enable predictions of the potentially most severe person-environment fit (i.e., accessibility) problems among groups of older persons. METHOD: Utilizing data from 1,542 persons aged 75 to 89 years and applying Configuration Frequency Analysis, we tested which combinations of functional limitations that occurred more or less often than expected. Significant combinations were defined as type profiles and used in simulated accessibility analyses. RESULTS: Eleven combinations occurred more often and eight less often than expected (p < .05). Simulations with ten type profiles predicted varied patterns of accessibility problems. CONCLUSION: The use of type profiles has potential to contribute to the knowledge of combinations of functional limitations among groups of older persons. Variation in predicted accessibility problems for different type profiles helps identifying priorities in societal planning.
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| 7. |
- Slaug, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Typology of person-environment fit constellations: a platform addressing accessibility problems in the built environment for people with functional limitations.
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making the built environment accessible for all regardless of functional capacity is an important goal for public health efforts. Considerable impediments to achieving this goal suggest the need for valid measurements of acccessibility and for greater attention to the complexity of person-environment fit issues. To address these needs, this study aimed to provide a methodological platform, useful for further research and instrument development within accessibility research. This was accomplished by the construction of a typology of problematic person-environment fit constellations, utilizing an existing methodology developed to assess and analyze accessibility problems in the built environment.
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| 8. |
- Slaug, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Unfolding the phenomenon of interrater agreement: a multicomponent approach for in-depth examination was proposed.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-5921 .- 0895-4356. ; 65:9, s. 1016-1025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The overall objective was to unfold the phenomenon of interrater agreement: to identify potential sources of variation in agreement data and to explore how they can be statistically accounted for. The ultimate aim was to propose recommendations for in-depth examination of agreement to improve the reliability of assessment instruments. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Using a sample where 10 rater pairs had assessed the presence/absence of 188 environmental barriers by a systematic rating form, a raters×items data set was generated (N=1,880). In addition to common agreement indices, relative shares of agreement variation were calculated. Multilevel regression analysis was carried out, using rater and item characteristics as predictors of agreement variation. RESULTS: Following a conceptual decomposition, the agreement variation was statistically disentangled into relative shares. The raters accounted for 6-11%, the items for 32-33%, and the residual for 57-60% of the variation. Multilevel regression analysis showed barrier prevalence and raters' familiarity with using standardized instruments to have the strongest impact on agreement. CONCLUSION: Supported by a conceptual analysis, we propose an approach of in-depth examination of agreement variation, as a strategy for increasing the level of interrater agreement. By identifying and limiting the most important sources of disagreement, instrument reliability can be improved ultimately.
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| 9. |
- Wahl, Hans-Werner, et al.
(författare)
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The home environment and quality of life-related outcomes in advanced old age: findings of the ENABLE-AGE project
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Ageing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1613-9380 .- 1613-9372. ; 6:2, s. 101-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the present research, we further exploited the potential of the ENABLE-AGE Project, more precisely the Swedish and German data. We hypothesised that the magnitude of accessibility problems (MAP) in the home environment and external housing-related control beliefs (HCB) play a substantial role for a range of outcomes related to quality of life. Our sample at T1 consisted of 847 single-living and community-dwelling individuals aged between 80 and 89 years, from urban regions in Sweden and Germany, 636 of whom were re-assessed 1 year later. MAP was measured with the Housing Enabler instrument, while external HCB assessment was based on a questionnaire proved useful in earlier research. Outcomes were assessed with established measures of ADL independence/dependence, general well-being, positive and negative affect and depression. Cross-sectional regressions underscored that MAP and external HCB were rather consistently associated with outcomes, with MAP being more strongly associated with ADL independence/dependence and external HCB more strongly with well-being related outcomes. Furthermore, significant and marginally significant interaction terms underscored that being high in external HCB in the situation of large MAP was linked with more negative outcomes, while external HCB did not play a role in the situation of small MAP. In the longitudinal regression analysis, MAP at T1 was predictive for T1-T2 change in ADL independence/dependence and depression, while external HCB did not show substantial relations with any change in outcomes. Our study underlines and qualifies substantial relations between objective and perceived person-physical environment measures and a range of outcomes. Such evidence is required to further improve housing-oriented prevention and intervention strategies in advanced old age.
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